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 VIETNAM HIV and AIDS Country Profile :: Prevalence & data |
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VIETNAM HIV and AIDS Country Profile | | 
11:03' AM - Thursday, 05/11/2009 | | The first case of HIV infection was reported in 1990 in Ho Chi Minh
City. By 1992, only 11 cases had been reported. At the end of the
nineties, the HIV epidemic in Vietnam was already at the concentrated
stage with high prevalence amongst high-risk populations – mainly
people who inject drugs (PWID) – and a low prevalence in the general
population.
The estimated numbers of people living with HIV have increased from
160,000 in 2001 to 290,000 in 2007. Correspondingly, the HIV prevalence
rose from 0.3% to 0.5% within same period. The estimated numbers of
HIV-positive women grew by more than 100%, from 37,000 in 2001 to
76,000 in 2007.
The HIV epidemic is predominantly drug-related; people who inject drugs
(PWID), have accounted for most (53%) of the recorded infections,
although this data from surveillance may be incomplete. The epidemic
affects mainly young men: 64% of reported cases are men under 29 years
of age. Other key populations at higher risks include female sex
workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), and male military
recruits The epidemic is now crossing over into patients with sexually
transmitted diseases (STD), clients of sex workers and low-risk women
(ANC= antenatal clinics attendees.
The 2005-2006 IBBS revealed that – amongst most-at-risk groups – FSWs
are most readily reached by HIV prevention programmes. High levels of
stigma and discrimination against male people who inject drugs (PWID)
and MSM make them less visible and therefore difficult to reach.
Another significant programme coverage issue highlighted by the
2005-2006 IBBS is that more than 80% of the most-at-risk populations
did not access voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) and therefore did
not know their HIV status. Within the general population aged 15-49,
the percentage of men and women who received an HIV test in the last 12
months and who know the results was 2.1% and 2.6%, respectively in
2005.
As of December, 2008, the number of health facilities providing ANC
services that offer both HIV testing and ARVs for the prevention of
mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) on site was 180 (only 1% of the
total number of health facilities). At the same time, 11% (249,278 ) of
pregnant women were tested for HIV in the last 12 months and received
their results. In addition, 33% of HIV-infected pregnant women received
antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
Also in 2008, 85% of infants born to HIV-infected mothers received ARVs
for prevention of mother-to-child transmission.Total hits:
1319
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Last modified:
05/11/2009 11:03:19 AM Bài đã đăng: VIETNAM HIV and AIDS Overview in slides
VIETNAM HIV and AIDS Data
Household Survey in Two Provinces in Viet Nam Estimates HIV Prevalence in an Urban and a Rural Population Abstract A
household-based population study interviewed 2,553 women and 1,984 men
aged 15–49 years in urban (Ho Chi Minh City) and rural (Thai Binh)
provinces in Viet Nam between July and August 2005. The survey response
rate was high—approximately 97% of households and 93% of adults
overall, with a >92% acceptance of HIV testing among eligible
adults. The unadjusted estimated population HIV prevalence was 0.3%
(confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.6%) in Thai Binh and 0.7% (CI:
0.3–1.3) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), compared with the national
estimates and projections of 0.352% and 1.250%, respectively, for 2005.
The ratio of male-to-female prevalence was 10.5:1 in Thai Binh and
1.3:1 in HCMC. A low level of men reported purchasing sex in the last
12 months (2.4%) and there were low self-reports of sexually
transmitted infections in all adults (5%). A correct knowledge of
HIV/AIDS prevention methods was high in both provinces (83%), although
only 24.8% of women knew of the use of antiretroviral therapy to
prevent vertical transmission of HIV. The observed population
prevalence was consistent with recent projections in Thai Binh,
although lower than expected in HCMC, indicating the substantial
downward revisions of projected population HIV prevalence may need to
be extended. The unequal sex prevalence ratio is consistent with the
projected trends of increasing male-to-female sexual transmission in
urban areas. The results and experience of this study will inform
future population based surveys in Viet Nam and the broader Asian
region. |
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